Forging forming technology, also known as near-shape or near-net forming technology, refers to the forming technology of mechanical components that require only a small amount of processing or no longer processing. In production practice, people are used to forging forming technology is divided into: cold precision forging forming, hot precision forging forming, warm precision forging forming, compound forming, closed forging, isothermal forging, shunt forging and so on.

1. Cold precision forging

The unheated metal material is directly forged, mainly including cold extrusion and cold heading extrusion.

Cold precision forging forming technology is more suitable for multi-species and small batch production, mainly used to manufacture various parts of automobiles and motorcycles and some toothed parts.

2. Hot precision forging forming

Mainly refers to the forging process above the recrystallization temperature. Most of the hot precision forging forming process adopts closed die forging, which requires high precision of the mold and equipment. The volume of the blank is strictly controlled during forging, otherwise the internal pressure of the mold is easy to generate. Therefore, when designing the closed die forging mold, the principle of shunt pressure reduction is usually used to solve this problem.

At present, most of the straight bevel gears used in trucks in China are produced by this method.

3. Warm precision forging

It is a forging process carried out at a suitable temperature below the recrystallization temperature. However, the forging temperature of warm forging is divided into narrow, high requirements for mold material mechanics and mold itself, and special high-precision forging equipment is usually required.

Warm precision forging process is generally more suitable for mass production, forging medium yield strength materials.

4. Composite forming

Mainly cold, temperature, heat and other forging process combined, learn from each other, to achieve the desired effect.

Composite forming is a standard forging method for high-strength parts such as gears and pipe joints.

5. Closed forging

It is a forming process in which one-way or two-way double-action extrusion metal is formed in a closed die to obtain a fine forging without flash.

Mainly used in the production of bevel gears, car constant velocity universal joint star sleeve, pipe joints, cross shaft, bevel gears and other products.

6. Isothermal forging

Refers to the forging of the blank at a temperature that tends to be constant.

For deformation temperature sensitive, difficult to form metal materials and parts, such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, thin web, high rib.

7. Shunt forging

It is to establish a material shunt cavity or shunt channel in the forming part of the blank or mold to ensure the material filling effect.

Shunt forging is mainly used in the cold forging process of spur gears and helical gears.